Original title: Kubuqi: When green becomes a belief
When green becomes a belief—the source of spiritual power of Kubuqi desert control model
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On July 23, the heart of the Kubuqi Desert in Ordos, Inner Mongolia. The leaves of sand willows, lemon strips, and saxaul are green as if they were washed. Clusters of green leaves are connected, as vast as the sea.
Climbing up and looking into the distance, the green “Great Wall” on the north and south sides is like two powerful hands, clutching the yellow sand and rushing straight into the desert. The length of east and west is 262 kilometers, the width of north and south is more than 70 kilometers, and the total area is 18,600 square kilometers – a few figures have made the Kubuqi Desert expand in my mind.
40 years ago, no grass grew here and the wind eroded sand buried it. People suffered deeply and knew the suffering.
The innate stubbornness and tenacity have created Kubuqi’s unyielding spirit.
They are the watchmen of their homes. Kubuqi people used perseverance to resist the invasion of wind and sand, creating a miracle of people advancing and retreating;
They are practitioners of innovation. Kubuqi people used their wisdom to turn the desert from burden to opportunities and become a beautiful home for living and working in peace and contentment;
They are magical painters. Kubuqi used his hands to put one-third of the yellow sand in green clothes, and painted a picture of Komiks a lively and clear picture of green waters and green mountains in the vast desert.
The desert control area reaches 6,460 square kilometers, and it has more than 24 billion cubic meters of water conservation, creating more than 500 billion yuan of ecological wealth. In the past 40 years, especially since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Kubuqi has successfully achieved a historic transformation from “sand advances and people retreats” to “green advances and sand retreats”, becoming the only desert in the world that has been governed as the world’s first “ecological economic demonstration zone” by the United Nations.
In today’s arduous and extraordinary desert control practice, Xi Jinping’s ecological civilization thought has been transformed into Kubuqi’s consciousness of action. The desolate desert, green means life and hope, has become a kind of faith, immersed in Kubuqi’s bloodline.
Deep watchfulness of mutual dependence and never leaving—
Guard the desert and guard the oasis, and do not treat the desert as a burden
On a mountain in the southwest of Junggar Banner, Ordos City, a thousand-year-old oil pine stands proudly. The big pine is like an umbrella, and it is held up among the hills and gullies. A tree of green needles is like iron.
This “living fossil” on the plateau seems to tell people the vicissitudes of KubuqiA huge change.
Kubuqi, in Mongolian, means “the bowstring that is held by victory.” The 700-mile Yellow River is like a bow. It is towering and scattered mountains, stretching across the east and west. The dangers of the Dragon Ridge of the Yellow River and the Yin Mountains outline this treasure land led by mountains and give Kubuqi a natural endowment to the dragon and tiger.
2000 years ago, the forests were dense and the water and grasslands were abundant, and grasslands were born in the Beidi and Xiongnu grasslands. The herds of cattle and sheep and galloping horses reflected the vast grassland hunting and nomadic culture, and the Ordos-style grassland civilization was born.
200 years ago, the grazing and clearing of land here year after year, and the abundant grasslands transformed into desolate deserts. The pastoral song “The wind blows the grass low and sees cattle and sheep” gradually submerged in the vast wind and sand;
40 years ago, Kubuqi’s living conditions were harsh, “a wind blows every year, from spring to winter.” More than one hundred thousand people have suffered from wind and sand and have become unkempt ecological refugees.
”When clear soup, noodle, bowl with sand, sandy teeth, and raw rice,” “During the daylight, the house is lighted, and the sand blocks the door at night. If you don’t go out at the beginning of spring, you will bury people alive…” This rumor by Buren Bayar, a villager in Daotugacha, Duguitara Town, Hangjin Banner, is a portrayal of the real life of the sand area in the past –
When I was a child, when I woke up, the house was buried in the sand. Following the sand, the children climbed up the tiles on the roof;
There is no road in the desert, so it takes 6 days to ride a camel to shop in the nearest town. It takes six days to go back and forth, and you have to buy half a year of daily necessities at a time;
Building a house, you have to use sheep to carry bricks from outside the desert, year after year. Even if a family is more affordable, it will take three years to build a decent house with camels;
There is no hospital, and when you are sick, you can only use canned bottles to cup, and if you have a fever, you can prick your fingers and put them into blood, and then cover them with hot water.
”If you don’t control the sand, you will have no way to survive.” “You have to fight the desert even if you fight to the death.” “The wind and sand are powerful, but we are not afraid. We must leave a way to survive for future generations no matter what.” Faced with Huangsha’s bullying, Kubuqi’s stubborn genes are awakening.
The yellow sand blows to the door of the house, blows to the back of the house, and planting trees and sowing green starts at the door of the house.
Gao Linshu, a villager in Guanjing Village, Zhonghe Xi Town, Dalat Banner, is nearly 60 years old and has been fighting with the sand in front of him for 28 years. “My father planted trees. There are three brothers, my name is Gao Linshu, the second one is Gao Shulin, and the third one is Gao Yushu. The old man said, you have to plant trees, and you can consolidate sand when the tree grows up.” The simple wish supports Gao Linshu to declare war on the desert.
No slimness, he exchanged his five sheep for tree seedlings; there was no road, he carried the slimness bundles in his shoulders and backs. “horseCars, ox carts, lele carts, double six wheels, great liberation…” The slim transportation means are changing, but the belief in sand control has always been consistent.
Gao Linshu led his family to brave the severe cold and heat to control the sand. The area of deserted sand contracted is getting bigger and bigger, and 5,000 acres of oasis have been sown in the vast sea of sand.
Under his leadership, villagers have joined the ranks of land and sand control. Today, in Guanjing Village, the forest area has increased to more than 190,000 acres, and the beautiful scenery of green forests and crops has reappeared in front of us.
Trees and green are totems in the vast desert. Like watching for life, residents in the desert are watching their homes.
”When I was a child, I had two dreams: one was to move out of this desert and let KomiksThe desert becomes an oasis; the other is to stop starving. “Wang Wenbiao, chairman of Yili Resources Group, who has been rooted in Kubuqi’s desert control for 30 years, said, “In my eyes, the desert is wealth. ”
Guard the desert and guard the oasis, and do not treat the desert as a burden. From passive sand control to active sand control, from for survival to development, Kubuqi’s desire for green is rising, and his home is precipitated.
In this desire and watch, the trees are alive, the sand is green, and the people are rich, and the sand bumps in Kubuqi have become golden bumps.
”Kubqi has been doing his best to protect the beautiful pastoral countryside, guard the spiritual home, protect the green waters and green mountains, and make the desert a friend of mankind, jointly plan, build, create, win-win, and share a green era worthy of history. “Niu Junyan, Secretary of the Ordos Municipal Party Committee, said that Kubuqi’s miracle of sand control is guided by Xi Jinping’s ecological civilization thought and promotes the construction of a beautiful China, providing Chinese wisdom and Chinese samples for responding to major global ecological problems and promoting the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind.
After the unremitting efforts of several generations, one-third of Kubuqi’s sand area has been managed, and the per capita income of farmers and herdsmen in the sand area has increased from less than 400 yuan to more than 15,000 yuan. In the hinterland of the desert, the thriving willows are witnessing history and miracles.
The spirit of sand control that fights the sky and the earth and perseverance-
Don’t die of thirst or starve, live well with some sunshine
”There is no road in the world, and more people walk, it becomes a road. “This sentence is suitable for the Central Plains, suitable for the south of the Yangtze River, but not for the desert. After walking in the desert thousands of times, the wind and sand still left nothing traces. Building roads seems out of reach in Kubuqi. However, the people of Hangjin Banner, Ordos, did not believe in this evil.
Faced with the sand demon, the people of Hangjin Banner realized that they should be smart and not reckless. Their path was to “break the whole into pieces”, “southern circumvention, north block, and middle cutting”, “using roads to draw zones and defeat each one”.
In 1997, Hangjin Banner decided to Babaylan builds a sand-passing road to achieve cutting of the Kubuqi Desert.
”The sky is made of a bed with a quilt, and the yellow sand bibimbap rice is delicious and fragrant.” The people of Hangjin Banner brought a bed roll and chewed dry pancakes, and then entered the desert. After drinking the water, I picked up a shovel and dug water on the wetlands in the desert. “The water is reddish-brown. Cheng will drink it as soon as he doesn’t work. If it doesn’t work, cover it with a towel and filter it. Don’t look at the dirty water, it will taste sweet!” Han Meifei, an expert in desertification control in Yili, recalled.
The gongs and drums are loud, the red flags are fluttering, and there are crowds of people. However, the desert that has been raging for thousands of years does not take this momentum seriously. Overnight, the yellow sand buried the newly paved roadbed, and the blood and sweat of the whole day were gone.
”To build roads, you must protect the roads!” Weave a grid of sand willows, and then plant trees in the grid. On both sides of the road, 1.5 million mu of road protection forest belts rose through the sand.
Inspired by the spirit of passing through the sand, the cadres and employees of Hangjin Banner gave up their rest and carried shovels; the employees of Yili Group left the workshop and rushed towards the yellow sand; the farmers and herdsmen in each village put down their cattle whips and carried grass seedlings on their backs. Three years of cold and heat, seven battles. On October 8, 1999, the third-level oil road of Chuansha Highway was fully completed.
After walking through the long yellow sand of Komiks, Kubuqi found a new road to sand control.
This is a path of ecological restoration and construction led by the Party Committee and government, with diversified investment and multi-party participation.
A protracted war on desertification control with universal mobilization started in Ordos, and the sound of the horn resounded throughout the earth. Inspired by the constraint mechanism of “rebounding the pipa, reverse pulling”, “paying money to buy live trees” and the policies of “replenishing instead of making” and “reward instead of investing”, farmers and herdsmen are competing for sand and contracting and managing sand, and enterprises are taking charge of land and sand control and investing in forest and sand industries. A number of advanced individuals such as “old man with sticks” Du Zhanming, “sand control Yugong” Udon Batu, and “green protector” Tian Qingyun have emerged.
This is a desert green economy path with industrialized enterprises, local business development and ecological efficiency improvement.
”We insist on using industrialization to guide ecological construction, organically combine sand prevention and control with industrial development, and actively promote the development model of ‘farmers + bases + leading enterprises’, forming a comprehensive ecological industry system that integrates ecological restoration, ecological animal husbandry, ecological health, ecological tourism, ecological photovoltaics, and ecological industry, and integrated development of the first, second and third industries.” Niu Junyan introduced.
This is a scientific desert control path that is continuously innovative in science and technology, adapts to local conditions and is reasonably promoted. Cinema
Build a 240-kilometer-locked forest along the Yellow River to lock the windSand; then march into the desert on a large scale, and build multiple roads in the desert, divide and treat them by building roads; connect electricity, water, grids along the roads, plant trees, grass, and medicinal materials, and turn the desert into pieces.
Sparks can set off a prairie fire, and the vast desert gradually becomes green. Cinema
Slim, seedlings, when it comes to trees, Kubuqi people like to use the word “seedlings”. In their hearts, caring for green is like caring for babies in swaddling clothes.
In order to keep the tree species alive, Kubuqi took great pains and took many turns. “At first we dug trees with shovels; later we flattened the sand dunes and planted trees on them; then we used the grid to break sand barriers to plant trees, and also used the method of inserting willows through empty bottles to save water and keep alive…” Wang Wen Biao said that they even spent 27 million yuan to introduce small leafy poplar trees from the United States, but soon died on a large scale due to inadapting the environment.
Repeated mistakes and repeated trials, and finally, the drought-resistant shrubs willows, lemon strips, flower sticks, sheep firewood, licorice, alfalfa, etc. were selected as the “leader” of sand fixing and controlling sand.
How to plant the tree species has become a big problem again.
”Initially, we thought planting trees in the desert was a joke. If the wind blows, we will plant them again. Planting them during the day and watering them at night is a hard time.” Gao Maohu, the captain of the Yili desertification control ecological migrant workers’ corps, said that if you plant more than 30 seedlings per acre of land, it will cost more than 1,000 yuan to build a grid, and the survival rate is only 20%.
When planting trees in the desert, I can’t bear to drink the remaining water, and I use it to water the trees. Inadvertently, a great invention that changed desert planting, the method of water-flushing tree planting was born: use the water pressure of a water pipe to rush out a 1-meter-deep fine hole in the sand, insert the seedlings into the hole, and complete the three steps of digging holes, planting trees, and watering at one time. The whole process only takes 10 seconds.
This invention is more than 60 times more efficient than digging trees in shovels. What is more valuable is that the survival rate exceeds that of90%.
A variety of sand control tricks emerge one after another: airflow method, water flush method, auger drilling method, licorice translation technology, wind direction data afforestation technology, big data drone afforestation… With the support of technology, Kubuqi’s sand dunes have become gentle and the oasis grows day by day.
”We are like Shaliu. We cannot die of thirst or starvation. If you give some sunshine, you will live well.” said Zhang Xiwang, a native of Sand Control.
On July 25, the rain had just cleared, and the sky was vast and the sky was vast. On the dunes on the side of the sandy road, five large words “Green Chinese DreamBabaylan” composed of green plants stood proudly. The Kubuqi behind it has increased the forest coverage and vegetation coverage from 0.8% and 16.2% in 2002 to 15.7% and 53% in 2016, and the biological species have increased from more than a dozen to more than 530. The surrounding artificial forests, aerial forests, grid sand barriers and green grass spread out oil and green paintings calmly tell the great changes in Kubuqi’s ecological changes.
Chinese wisdom of prosperity and sharing in the prosperity of green and wealth—
The Kubuqi model belongs to China and the world
The midsummer, the Kubuqi National Desert Park is green and green. At the north gate of the park, the big characters “Shuofang Ancient County” are vigorous and powerful. The Seven Star Lake in the center of the park is like a fairy living in the desert. Komiks
Here, Kubuqi has her quietness and tranquility. In his broad mind, he interprets the magnificent poems of nomadic civilization; in his cultivation, he depicts the gorgeous picture of farming civilization. The fusion of nomadic civilization and agricultural civilization and the collision of Eastern and Western civilizations have attracted the attention of the whole world.
”Green the desert, flourished the Babaylan industry, enriching the people”, co-governance and sharing and a community with a shared future for mankind, is moving and clear in Kubuqi’s desert control model.
Walking into Meng Kedalai’s pastoral family “Da Desert House” located in the Desert Herders’ New Village, the fashionable sofa and bright coffee table are filled with modern atmosphere. The special meals on the table and the horse-head fiddle on the wall are contained in the quaint charm.
From a single farmer and herdsman, to sand land owners, industrial shareholders, tourism bosses, and new-style farmers and herdsmen, Meng Kedalai not only has more identity, but also has more confidence in getting rich.Now. “1,200 acres of forest land, 100 acres of licorice, and more than 100 cattle, they have their own horse team, camel team, motorboat, and surfing car to travel.” Meng Kedalai’s face was filled with comfort and prosperity.
Turn to conquer the desert to treat the desert with kindness, the Kubuqi model interprets the vivid practice of ecological civilization with new ideas.
Standing at Kubuqi International Desert Industrial Park, looking into the distance, the dark blue solar photovoltaic panels are continuous. These sun flowers that turn towards the sun have ignited the dream of farmers and herdsmen to develop desert solar and thermal industries and under-board breeding industries to get rich.
In Xiangsha Bay, Dalat Banner, Ordos City, 150 kilometers away, the snow-white lotus hotel is like an elves in the desert, making many tourists linger. Leading by desert ecological tourism projects such as Qixing Lake, Xiangshawan, and Yinkentala, the economic development model of Kubuqisha District has achieved green transformation and upgrading. In the past 10 years, the Kubuqi Ecological Tourism Scenic Area has received nearly 10 million tourists and achieved revenue of 2.46 billion yuan. The “Sea of Death” has become the “Sea of Hope”.
Dirt sand into gold, dye green into wealth, and a new variation was played in Kubuqi’s desert.
From “the sand advances and people retreat without hiding” to “the sand stands in unwilling to give in to each other”, to “the sand goes forward and changes in the sand”, and finally to “not putting an end to green, making a fuss on the industrial chain”, Kubuqi puts the local living environment into the long-term development pattern, and rational choices and innovative methods gather new power.
In the four-wheel drive of “Party committee and government policy promotion, large-scale industrialized desert control by enterprises, market-oriented participation of society and farmers and herdsmen, and continuous innovation of technology and mechanisms”, the Kubuqi model shows the Chinese wisdom that enlightens mankind and shows the future.
The Kubuqi model belongs to China and even more to the world. Following the water-fighting gun of the high-haired tiger, the Kubuqi model has moved towards several major desertified areas and ecologically fragile areas in western China, including Hunshandake, Ulan Buhe, Tenggeri, Takramagan, etc., and is moving along the “Belt and Road”.
The Kubuqi International Desert Forum has been held for 6 sessions, making Kubuqi the focus of world desertification prevention and control. At the forum, Eric Solheim, Deputy Secretary-General of the United Nations and Executive Director of the United Nations Environment Program, commented that the Kubuqi model is a vivid practice of President Xi Jinping’s “green water and green mountains are gold and silver mountains”, “beautiful China” and “ecological civilization thought”. Today, this magical desert of Kubuqi has become a Chinese green business card that is well-known in the international community.
The success of Kubuqi sand control people exploring and practicingAnd the sustainable development of Kubuqi model has left valuable wealth for my country’s ecological construction, while also becoming a green business card for China to go global, bringing hope to global desertification prevention and control.
As foreign exchanges deepen, more and more desert control professionals come to Kubuqi to explore the code of desert control here. “Whether people from anywhere or any country come to Kubuqi, we will tell them the practices and experiences in their original form, so that the Kubuqi model can contribute to human desertification prevention and control. Babaylan” said Wang Wenbiao.
This is Kubuqi’s grand mind and also Kubuqi’s mission and responsibility. (Reporters Li Hui, Zhang Chunli, Gao Ping)
Writing a green epic in the desert
Forty years, the yellow sand used to roll and cover the sun, turning into today’s green grass and trees swaying shadows. The ecological changes in the Kubuqi Desert have written a heroic green epic.
The area of desertification land in my country has decreased for more than 10 consecutive years, achieving a historic transformation from “sand advances and people retreats” to “green advances and sand retreats”, becoming a global model for the prevention and control of desertification. The changes in Kubuqi are the most intuitive footnotes for China’s desertification prevention and control, and are a wonderful chapter in the story of China’s ecological civilization. The great changes in this land are worthy of careful consideration by historical perspective.
Kubqi’s green epic is full of struggle. The Kubuqi Desert is an ecological dilemma caused by disorderly reclamation and grazing for thousands of years. Faced with heavy historical debts, Kubuqi opened a dangerous and dangerous road to sand control with fearless spirit. Several generations of Kubuqi people have slept in the open and worked hard, and have tenaciously fought against the harsh natural environment, creating an ecological miracle under extremely difficult conditions, and historically reversed the ecological landscape of Kubuqi. What Kubuqi planted is a tree and what stood up is a spirit.
Kubuqi’s green epic is full of innovative wisdom. From the attempt to plant and select trees, to the introduction of scientific and technological means, to the innovation of systems and mechanisms, Kubuqi people have blazed a new path of equitable ecology and economy, and synchronized desert control and poverty control, and explored the Kubuqi model of “political promotion of the Party Committee and the government, large-scale industrialized desert control of enterprises, market-oriented participation of society and farmers and herdsmen, and continuous innovation of technology and mechanisms.” Kubuqi respects laws and innovates continuously, and gives a vivid interpretation of the scientific conclusion of “green water and green mountains are gold and silver mountains”, which has expanded the implementation path for ecological civilization construction.
Kubqi’s green epic shows the bright future. worldwideWith hundreds of millions of people under threat of desertification, the international community is actively seeking solutions. The development model and practical experience of the Kubuqi desert ecological economy provide valuable experience for other desertified countries and regions in the world. Kubuqi has become the world’s first desert governance plan and China’s ecological civilization construction case recognized by the United Nations and the international community.
The Kubuqi desert control people have achieved a significant improvement in the natural environment under harsh conditions, which will surely inject a spirit into the construction of ecological civilization on the current vast territory; this difficult road also reminds us that it is easy to destroy the ecological environment and difficult to maintain it, and the protection of the ecological environment requires us to put in a lot of effort, and the goal of a beautiful China is still hanging high ahead.
Kubqi’s greenness conveys the confidence of history and inspires confidence in the future. (Guangming Daily Commentator)