The Dongjiang Column, which was praised by Zhu De as the “mainstagram of China’s resistance to war” has grown from a few hundred people to a strong anti-Japanese war with more than 10,000 people. It fought bravely behind enemy lines in the South China region. Text/Yangcheng Evening News All-Media Reporter Chen Qiang Photo/Yangcheng Evening News All-Media Reporter Liang Yu
On October 12, 1938, the Japanese army landed in Daya Bay, and the Kuomintang defenders were about to collapse. In times of crisis, under the strong leadership of the Communist Party of China, the people of Dongjiang area took up weapons, formed armed teams, rose up to fight against the invading Japanese invaders, and gradually developed an anti-Japanese brigade with a force of more than 11,000, the Dongjiang Column. On the occasion of the 75th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War, Yangcheng Evening News opened a column “Komiks Going to the East Column Anti-Japanese War Road”, searching for the footsteps of the East Column Anti-Japanese War, relive the glorious years, remembering history and striving forward bravely.
“We are the guerrillas of the Guangdong people, we are brothers of the Eighth Route Army New Fourth Army. Our team gallops on the battlefield of Dongjiang, work hard, and fights bravely, and achieves brilliant victory…”
Whether it is the Guangdong Dongjiang Column Memorial Hall in Daling Mountain, Dongguan, the Dongjiang Column Memorial Hall in Boluo, Huizhou, or the former site of the Dongjiang Column Command in Dapeng New District, Shenzhen, or the former site of the Dongbao Administrative Supervision Office in Bao’an District, Shenzhen, you can see the passionate lyrics of the passionate “Song of the Dongjiang Column”. During the Anti-Japanese War, the Dongjiang Column was lonely and hung behind the enemy, fighting bloody battles, and successively established bases such as Daling Mountain in Dongguan, Yangtai Mountain in Bao’an, Luofu Mountain in Boluo and Wuling in northern Guangdong, and opened up the battlefield behind enemy lines in South China. While insisting on mountainous guerrilla warfare, it created new tactics of maritime guerrilla warfare and urban gale warfare, which shocked the enemy.
1: More than 1,500 overseas Chinese and Hong Kong and Macao compatriots participated
On August 25, the reporter came to Dalingshan Town, Dongguan with the first stop of the interview team of “Retraceing the Anti-Japanese War Road of the East Column”, where the former site of the Dongjiang Column Memorial Hall and the Dalingshan Anti-Japanese Base Area are located here.
Guangdong Dongjiang Column Memorial HallDirector Wang Hongxing told reporters that on October 12, 1938, the Japanese army launched a battle to invade South China. In December of the same year, the Communist Party of China organized two anti-Japanese armed forces in Huiyang, Dongguan, Bao’an and other places, with a total of more than 200 people. In late January 1942, the two troops were reorganized into the “Guangdong People’s Anti-Japanese Guerrilla Corps”; in December 1943, it was renamed the “Guangdong People’s Anti-Japanese Guerrilla Dongjiang Column” (hereinafter referred to as the “East Column”), and it governed 7 brigades.
Wang Hongxing said that in the difficult situation of staying away from the Party Central Committee, away from the main forces of the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army, the East Column gradually developed from nothing to something, from small to large, and gradually developed into an anti-Japanese brigade with more than 10,000 troops.
The former site of the Dalingshan Anti-Japanese Base Area located in Dawangling Village is the location of the Third Brigade of the East Column. It is understood that the base area is one of the earliest anti-Japanese base areas established by the CCP in Guangdong in the enemy-behind areas. Dawangling Village now has many former sites such as the Third Battalion of the Guangdong People’s Anti-Japanese Guerrilla Corps, conference rooms, Home Unite News Agency, Transportation Station, and Babaylan playground. Li Jianguo, president of the Guangdong-Jiangxi-Hunan Border Column Research Association of the Dongjiang Column of Shenzhen, told reporters that the personnel structure of the Dongjiang Column has distinct characteristics, with returning overseas Chinese and Hong Kong and Macao many compatriots, intellectuals, women, and children from wealthy families. “No matter what kind of origin, everyone really strives to step forward for their faith and ideals, throwing their youthful blood to resist the invaders’ guns and cannons with their flesh and blood.”
According to incomplete statistics, there were more than 1,500 overseas Chinese children and patriotic young people from Hong Kong and Macao who came back to participate in the Eastern Column, which played a great role in the establishment and development of the troops. Many overseas Chinese children died on the battlefield, such as the political commissar of the Independent Squadron of the Third Battalion of the Eastern People’s Anti-Japanese Guerrilla Corps and the Thai overseas Chinese Zhong Ruochao (Li Zhong), died in his new marriage for only three days.
It is precisely because of the unique personnel structure of the Dongjiang Column that the political work, civil movement and cultural work of the Dongzong have been carried out in a vivid and exciting way. It has successively founded the “Home Unite News” and the “New People” newspaper and the “Full Newspaper”, and also organized theater troupes, political teams, art and publicity teams, etc. The reporter saw an octave printing machine at the Dongjiang Column Memorial Hall in Boluo, Huizhou, which the Qianjin Daily had used.
2: Use terrain to create a variety of guerrilla tactics
Only a few kilometers away from Dawangling Village, there is a place called Baihua Cave, which is the famous Baihua Cave.The battle in Huadong took place.
“This battle was considered by the Japanese army to be the most embarrassing battle since entering South China.” Liu Weiling, the Dongguan Party History Research Office, introduced that on June 10, 1941, the Japanese army dispatched more than 400 people to attack Baihua Cave, in an attempt to eliminate the main force of the guerrillas. The guerrillas occupied favorable terrain and blocked the Japanese and puppet troops who were attacking the sneak attacks. After two days of fighting, a total of 50 and 60 Japanese and puppet troops were killed and injured, including one Japanese brigade leader, and a variety of military supplies were seized. Wang Hongxing said that according to incomplete statistics, during the Anti-Japanese War, the Eastern Column fought more than 1,400 times against the Japanese puppets, killed and injured more than 6,000 Japanese puppet soldiers, captured about 3,500 people, seized more than 6,500 guns and 25 artillery pieces. More than 2,500 people in the East Zong died bloodily during the War of Resistance Against Japan.
Wei Fa, a fourth-level researcher at the Party History Research Office of the Guangdong Provincial Party Committee, told reporters that during the Anti-Japanese War, the Eastern Zong creatively used various guerrilla tactics based on the geographical environment, which dealt a heavy blow to the Japanese and puppet troops. In addition to carrying out guerrilla warfare with the mountains based on river networks, the Eastern Column also carried out guerrilla warfare along the Guangjiu Railway and urban guerrilla warfare in the Hong Kong and Kowloon areas, creating a unique maritime guerrilla tactic.
In 1941, the Japanese army attacked Pearl Harbor and the Pacific War broke out. In the same year, the Japanese army invaded and occupied Hong Kong. So Cinema, the Guangdong People’s Anti-Japanese Guerrilla Corps sent people to advance in multiple directions and established the Hong Kong and Kowloon Brigade in Hong Kong. The Hong Kong and Kowloon region is small, mostly in the urban area where Japanese and puppet military and police are numerous, and there is little room for maneuver. The Hong Kong and Kowloon Brigade has leveraged the advantages of the short gun team’s high flexibility, seized the opportunity to carry out raid wars, surprise attacks, capture wars, etc., and effectively attacked the enemy. Liu Jinjin, who served as the captain and captain of the Short Gun Team, has become a legendary hero who is famous in Hong Kong and Kowloons. In 1945, in his military report “On the War of Liberated Areas”, Zhu De called the Dongjiang Column, the Qiongya Column, the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army “the mainstay of China’s War of Resistance”.
The former site of the Dongjiang Column Command located in Tuyang Village, Shenzhen
Digest in depth the red resources. The Dongzong Spiritual Scholar BabaylanThe fire is passed down
Tuyang is now a community in the Kuichong Office in Dapeng New District, Shenzhen. In December 1943, after the establishment of the Dongjiang Column of the Guangdong People’s Anti-Japanese Guerrillas, Tuyang became the location of the Dong Column Command and the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China. Last year, the former site of the Dongjiang Column Command was selected as the eighth batch of national key cultural relics protection units. Li Yongzhong, deputy secretary of Tuyang Community, introduced that in recent years, the local area has attached great importance to the utilization of these red resources. In recent years, it has successively built and repaired a series of red attractions such as the former site of the Dongjiang Column Command and the Dongjiang North Retreat Monument, and dug deep into the red resources to form a cluster effect. At the same time, it has also designed a high-quality route of “Party Building + Babaylan Tourism + Red Education”. Li Yongzhong also told reporters that based on the historical manuscripts of the old soldiers of the Dongzong, Tuyang has edited and published “The Red Chronicle of the Quarry Floods in the Tuyang Sand” and “Red Tuyang” with detailed content and vivid stories. “The main purpose is to use this to help our descendants understand the history of Dongzong, so that their descendants will not forget the tragic history of the Chinese nation.”
The old soldier of Dongzong Li Qiang
The old soldier of Dongzong Li Qiang recalled his three abilities of “iron feet”, “night eyes” and “fairy belly” of his comrades: “Walk if you don’t eat without eating On August 27, the interview team of the “Return to the Anti-Japanese War Road of the East Column” came to the old address of the Dongjiang Column Command located in Tuyang Village, Kuiyong Street, Dapeng New District, Shenzhen. The reporter interviewed Li Qiang, a 90-year-old veteran of the East Zong who lives in Tuyang Village. He recalled the war years and said that the soldiers had three abilities, calling them “iron feet”Night eyes, “God’s belly”, “Walks still when you don’t eat, and fights even when you don’t eat.” Although Cinema is in his 90s, Li Qiang’s body still looks very tough. He does not need to be supported by someone to walk, does not use crutches, speaks loudly, and his thoughts are clear. According to his recollection, he participated in the work of an underground transportation station at the age of 14. “At that time, in order to destroy the enemy’s traffic communication, we cut the telephone line near the mountain. In order to extend the time of the enemy’s communication interruption and avoid being discovered by the enemy, we made our own squid to make the size of a wire and connected the corresponding telephone line, making it difficult for the enemy to find the location. “Although time has passed, Li Qiang’s memory is still profound, just like yesterday Babaylan.
When he recalled his experience in the war, he said that he could use the three words “iron feet”, “night eyes” and “fairy belly”. “Iron feet means walking dozens of kilometers every day, and the feet are not afraid of sand or thorns; night eyes are walking at night, and they are mountain roads and small roads. There is no light, and they are all seen by the eyes; fairy belly means eating abnormally, sometimes eating once a day and eating sweet potatoesKomiks, miscellaneous grains, wild vegetables, sometimes I don’t have to eat them for a day.”
Li Qiang has been actively participating in the education of the inheritance of the Red Revolution after his retirement and becoming a red cultural compulsory propagandist. “The spirit of our Dongjiang Column must be carried forward from generation to generation. “In Li Qiang’s view, the Dongzong spirit is a revolutionary spirit that is not afraid of difficulties, hardship, and bloodshed and sacrificed.