This dilapidated building is inconspicuous. However, in March 2010, when then-Vice President Xi Jinping visited Russia, he negotiated and reached a consensus with the then Prime Minister of Russia Putin on his revision of Komiks.
Why does it attract the attention of the leaders of both countries? And why does it make Xi Jinping so worried?
90 years ago, the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held here. This is the only national congress held abroad in the history of the Party Cinema, and it is also the most thrilling and tortuous Party Congress.
Explore the past and present of the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China
No. 18, Parkovaya Street, May Day Village, about 40 kilometers away from the center of Moscow, is an elegant three-story building. This seemingly ordinary building has left an indelible mark on the history of the Communist Party of China. It is the meeting site of the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China (Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China).
The Sixth Congress is the only National Congress held overseas in the history of the Communist Party of China. On March 23, 2013, General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee and President Xi Jinping attended the launching ceremony of the construction of the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China. What kind of past and present life has this old site and new museum located outside Moscow gone through, what kind of revolutionary journey has it witnessed, and how much does it carry forward for the future? 90 years ago, that special meeting
Mid June 1928 was the early summer in Moscow, where the longest daytime and the bright scenery were. As the Moscow Railway Station was coming and going, many mysterious people and cars suddenly appeared.
“At that time, the (Chinese Communist Party) deputies took a train to Moscow, and the windows in the carriages were covered by curtains. Some buses and cars that also pulled the curtains drove directly to the platform, picked them up, crossed Moscow, and headed to the suburbs. This was a special operation to ensure that the Communists would not be arrested and killed…Babaylan“Victor Usov, an expert at the Far East Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, described the scene at that time in this way. This was indeed a thrilling journey.
In 1927, after the failure of the Great Revolution in 1927, China was trapped in the heavy cover of white terror. The Kuomintang reactionaries’ violent suppression of the Chinese Communists and the mistakes of “left” blind activism within the Communist Party of China have put the Chinese revolution in a low point. At this critical juncture, the Communist Party of China urgently needs to hold a national conference to systematically summarize the experiences and lessons of the Great Revolution and clarify the nature and tasks of the revolution in the new era.
However, at this time, the country does not have the safety conditions for meetings. In the more than three months since the August 7th Conference was proposed to convene the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China in 1927, the meeting location has been brewing several times, but it is still difficult to guarantee security and cannot be decided.
The Communist International decided to hold several international conferences in Moscow at the turn of spring and summer in 1928, hoping that the Communist Party of China would send representatives to participate. After many considerations, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China hopes to set the Sixth Congress of the Communist Party of China within the Soviet Union and submit an application to the Communist International Cinema.
At this time, Mitkevic, the representative of “Red Workers International” to China, also proposed to the Communist International to convene the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China within the Soviet Union. The Communist International agreed to the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China to be held in the Soviet Union and set the meeting to the May Day Village outside Moscow.
Since late April 1928, more than 100 representatives attending the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China have gone to Moscow in multiple batches at the risk of being arrested by the Kuomintang. To ensure safety, the CCP has taken a series of measures to no longer use its own name from the date of arrival at the venue and use numbers.
This is the only National Congress held abroad in the history of the Party, and it is also the only National Congress in the history of the National Congress of the Communist Party of China to name each other by code names.
Qu Qiubai is “No. 21”, and Zhou Enlai is “No. 22”
From June 18 to July 11, 1928, May Day Village, in the southwestern suburbs of Moscow, ushered in its most special time. Hundreds of Chinese people walked, talked, sang, or argued in this tightly guarded village. In the grassland, woods, paths, as well as the living rooms, conference rooms and aisles in the building, Zhou Enlai, Su Zhaozheng, Xiang Ying, Cai Hesen… familiar faces and strange numbers flashed alternately.
“Under the difficult background at that time, the Communist Party of China needed to be in the sixthCinemaThe National Congress clarified the line and policy of the future Chinese revolution. “Kartunova, an expert on the history of the Communist Party of China in Russia, said. In the conference room on the second floor of the small building, the representative of the Communist International, Bukharin, gave a report on “The Task of the Chinese Revolution and the Communist Party of China”, Qu Qiubai, gave a political report, Zhou Enlai, gave an organizational report and military report, and Li Lisan made a report on the peasant problem… “When the Chinese people were suffering, at the most difficult moment of the Chinese revolution, more than 140 representatives from all over China, from all over China, risked their lives with the help of the Russian people and international organizations, and traveled thousands of miles to Moscow, and convened the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China. “85 years later, on March 23, 2013, General Secretary Xi Jinping was so moved at the launch ceremony of the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China.
Five years ago, that special launch
Unfortunately, the building that witnessed the difficulties and hardships of the Communist Party of China gradually buried in the dust of time in the wind and rain of history.
The site building, which was built in the 18th century, shone in the sun because of the yellow and white exterior paint, is known as the “silver villa”. In 1960, the building and the manor<a The churches and other buildings in Komiks are listed as federal-level historical and cultural heritage as historical complexes between the 18th and 19th centuries. After World War II, the "Silver Villa" became collective residences and state-owned stores. In 2012, when I came to May Day Village to visit the Six Conference Sites, the scene in front of me was heartbreaking: the buildings had no roofs and windows, and only broken tiles were left, standing alone in the garbage all over the ground.
The ruins of the “Sixth National Congress” of the Communist Party of China before the restoration
“The Communist Party of China, China’s politicsThe government and the Chinese people cherish the historical event of the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China very much, and also cherish the precious history of mutual support between the peoples of China and Russia very much. “The protection of the Sixth Congress of the Communist Party of China was mentioned on the issue of the two heads of state.
On March 22, 2013, during President Xi Jinping’s visit to Russia, the two countries jointly signed the supplementary protocol of the “Agreement on the Establishment of Cultural Centers for Mutuality” to determine the restoration of the Sixth Congress of the Communist Party of China. The next day, President Xi and Russian Vice Premier Golodjec attended the launching ceremony of the construction of the Sixth Congress of the Communist Party of China. Xi Jinping said at the ceremony: At this moment, we hold the launching ceremony of the construction of the Sixth Congress of the Communist Party of China, which is of great significance. On behalf of the Communist Party of China, on behalf of more than 80 million Communist Party members and 1.3 billion Chinese people, I will go to President Putin and other Russian leaders and KomiksBabaylanAll Russian friends who value and support this work express their sincere gratitude.
In September of the same year, representatives of China and Russia signed a lease contract for the Sixth Congress of the Communist Party of ChinaKomiks, with a rent of 1 ruble per year and a lease period of 49 years. After the Chinese side invested in the restoration, it was used as the branch of the Chinese Cultural Center in Moscow, held a permanent exhibition of the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and was open to the audience for free. The overall building of the exhibition hall covers an area of 3,267 square meters, of which 1,741 square meters of the main building.
Zhang Zhonghua, then Minister of the Chinese Embassy in Russia, and Director of the Chinese Cultural Center in Moscow, went through the entire process of “rebirth” of the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China. “It’s not easy! “Every time I recall, she feels a lot of emotion. This is not the matter of restoring a building, but the restoration of cultural relics protection buildings “with the restoration of the old and old restoration of Babaylan”. It took one year and five months to complete the full set of legal documents for the lease contract.
Repairing more than a dozen departments including the Russian State-owned Assets Bureau, the Energy Bureau, the Cadastral Bureau, the Cultural Relics Bureau, and the municipal, district and township governments. Chinese Ambassador to Russia Li Hui personally coordinated and wrote a letter to Vice Premier Golodgez and relevant departments to solve the problems in construction. During that time, Zhang Zhonghua had to go to the construction site almost every day, “the water, electricity, heating and other pipelines were laid, and a href=”https://funnybookish.com/”>CinemaFrom the beginning from scratch.” Her successor Gong Jiajia, who was then director of the Eurasian Department of the Foreign Liaison Bureau of the Ministry of Culture, also witnessed the difficulty of this “No. 1 Project” of the Ministry of Culture that year: “A variety of negotiations, Babaylan coordination, documents, almost every dayIt will be heard from the working group in front, and the project progress is also changing every day. ”
The on-site coordination meeting has changed from the initial monthly to the later one weekly and once a day. The meeting site at No. 18 Parkovaya Street has never been so lively in the eyes of the residents of May Day: as soon as the sky is dawn, representatives of both sides arrive here from all directions to solve various problems on the spot…
The most stressed is the project team of China Construction First Bureau, which undertakes the project restoration task of the meeting site. In order to ensure 100% restoration of the meeting site, they Komiks risked the risk of the building collapse at any time and recorded the details of historical relics in detail with cameras; in order to strive for construction periods in the long winter, they creatively adopted special methods such as “reverse practice” to wear a “giant warm coat” to increase the temperature of the construction site…
The gorgeous plaster carvings have many complex curved surfaces, and each carving has to be made and added. href=”https://funnybookish.com/”>Komiks6 complex processes, including engineering, measurement and positioning, on-site splicing, and joints
At the same time, relevant departments of China and Russia, experts and historians of party history research carefully examined and recommended the exhibits in the permanent exhibition hall; the relevant parties also actively recalled the details. Conference halls, representative dormitories, etc., to restore the arrangements during the meeting as much as possible. “The situation before the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China”, “Preparation and convening of the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China”, “The development of the revolutionary movement after the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China”… Groups of display content, recreating the historical landscape around the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China with pictures and texts. On June 20, 2016, the restoration project successfully passed the acceptance of the Sino-Russia Joint Acceptance Group. Inspection <a At the meeting, Alexey Yemelyanov, director of the Moscow Municipal Cultural Relics Bureau, lamented the "China speed": "According to the general progress, the construction process should not be completed until 2019. "The Russian Central Institute of Scientific Restoration and Design also affirmed the "China QualityKomiks” and accepted the acceptance opinionCinema, they solemnly wrote: “(Project) has achieved better internal and external unity between cultural relics restoration and exhibition furnishings. href=”https://funnybookish.com/”>Cinema“. After completion, the building won the “Excellent Restoration Project Award” and the “Cultural Heritage Restoration and Modernization” Special Award, and won the “Best Impression Award” with 200,000 Moscow citizens participating in the voting.
Two years ago, that special opening
On July 4, 2016, the newly renovated Six-Central Conference Building recreated the style of the “silver villa” against the backdrop of blue sky and white clouds. At that time, Liu Yandong, Vice Premier of the State Council of China and Russian Vice Premier Golodjec, read the congratulatory message from President Xi Jinping and President Putin, and jointly unveiled the permanent exhibition hall at the Six-Central Conference.
On July 4, 2016, in Moscow, the capital of Russia, Liu Yandong (right), then member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Vice Premier of the State Council, and Russian Vice Premier Golodz jointly unveiled the permanent exhibition hall of the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China. Photo by Dai Tianfang, Xinhua News Agency reporter
From then on, this place has become an overseas education base for Chinese people to pursue the history of the Communist Party of China, understand the history of the Chinese revolution, and continue to move forward. It has also become a new place for continued friendship between China and Russia, enhance understanding and exchange culture.
The restoration of the “Sixth National Congress” permanent exhibition hall
Chinese students from Mocos University came to explore the secrets of the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Looking at the exhibits in the exhibition hall and listening to the detailed and vivid explanation, Zhu Dongfa from the Department of World Politics couldn’t help but sigh: The socialist big brother back then had fallen into the dust of history, but our great motherland was still thriving. “This makes us deeply feel the unswerving struggle of the revolutionary ancestors. Our new generation must also inherit their spirit, keep their original aspirations in mind, and continue to move forward for the rejuvenation of China.”
The conference venue planning archives passed by the presidium of the conference on June 18, 1928. The existing permanent exhibition hall of the Sixth Congress of the Communist Party of China has been established.
Local resident Maria saw with her own eyes how this building transformed from rubble on the ground into an elegant and beautiful exhibition hall. “It’s a miracle!” The appearance of May Day Village has also been greatly improved. The muddy roads, garbage-filled rivers, and severely damaged residential buildings have been renovated. The newly built gardens, bus stations, and sidewalks have brought convenience to local residents, and the connected pipelines have improved the quality of life of local residents.
Russian teachers and students visited the exhibition hall
“90 years ago, a meeting of the Communist Party of China made our town a part of history; 90 years later, the restoration of the meeting site and the completion of the exhibition hall stimulated the development of the town.” Alibina, a history teacher at Moscow 1391 School, not far from the exhibition hall, often organized students to visit the exhibition hall. “The meeting site was restored, and we can see such beautiful buildings. We are grateful. Entering the exhibition hall, we can learn about a period of history that we are closest to and from friendly neighbors and understand what they cherish.”
The construction of the “Komiks Pavilion, the permanent exhibition of the Sixth Congress of the Communist Party of China, reflects our national spirit of remembering history, not forgetting our original aspirations, and the spirit of the times to keep pace with the times and create the future. It is also another important achievement in the development of the comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership between China and Russia.” Looking back at the solemn launch and speech delivered by President Xi at the opening of the museum five years ago, Chinese Ambassador to Russia Li Hui is confident, “We must stand at a new height of the new era and build this place into a building that enhances the people of both countries. href=”https://funnybookish.com/”>KomiksThe important bridge for mutual understanding and deepening friendship, allowing more people to understand this period of party history, cherish history, continue traditions, and allow China-Russia friendship to be inherited and strengthened in the new historical period.”
Material source: Ministry of Corporate Culture, China Construction First Bureau, Xinhua News Agency, People’s Daily, CCTV and other media